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This research presents a comprehensive investigation into developing a competency framework for educators in higher vocational institutions in Zhengzhou amid post-pandemic educational transformation. Employing a mixed-methods sequential design, the study examined four essential competency domains through both quantitative assessment (n = 365) and qualitative expert validation (n = 5). Findings revealed significant gaps between current proficiency levels and desired competency benchmarks, particularly regarding digital pedagogical integration and innovative teaching methodologies. The resulting enhancement program incorporates an Integrated Learning Approach prioritizing experiential learning, collaborative professional development, and formal training to address identified gaps. This research contributes to the literature on vocational education reform by providing an evidence-based development framework addressing the unique challenges facing Chinese vocational institutions as they adapt to Industry 4.0 requirements and evolving labor market demands. The expert-validated program demonstrates excellent applicability and feasibility for implementation, offering significant potential for enhancing teaching quality and student outcomes in the Zhengzhou vocational education ecosystem.