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Magic, independently of historical and cultural definitions, is a constant in human culture. Yet, studies on the history of magic are rare in Portugal, even if there is an abundance of documents pertaining to magic practices in the archives of the Portuguese Inquisition. This collection, however, demonstrates an apparent over-representativity of testimonies regarding what might be referred to as ‘folk magic’, or magic practices associated with less educated social strata, leaving expressions of ‘learned magic’ somewhat obscured. It is not thus strange that the rare Portuguese historiography on magic has mostly focused on its folk expression.
This thesis aims to cover this gap, focusing on the understanding of learned magic in early modern Portugal. This territory, being inserted in an interconnected geopolitical context, was not excluded from European learned magic culture, be it as a receptor of trends and ideas around magic, or as a contributor to their construction in a European and transatlantic context.
The existence of inquisitorial trials focusing on learned magic, regardless of their numbers, also points towards particular intellectual interests of learned and influent individuals, and its comprehension will contribute for a deeper and more nuanced characterization of Portuguese learned culture, as well as its ambitions in light of its participation in a world of illicit and prohibited literature. In particular, and seeing as the individuals participating in learned magic could integrate political and academic circles of considerable visibility and influence, this thesis assumes the centrality of Lisbon in the circulation of magic literature in Portugal.
The Portuguese territory was the stage for multiple interconnections, and this same interconnectivity implies irreducible idiosyncrasies. Such circumstances impose unavoidable conditionings to the practice and circulation of magic literature. In this way, one will strive to determine if the patterns of Portuguese learned magic practice follow its general European trends, or if these manifest contextual specificities. For these goals micro-historical methods of analysis were adopted, based on the ideas of ‘evidential paradigm’ and ‘connected history’, to which were coupled interdisciplinary perspectives from religious studies with a focus on the study of western esotericism.