Content area

Abstract

This study was designed to compare the San (Khoisan) code of ethics against key elements of the revisedCouncil for International Organization of Medical Sciences (CIOMS)ethical guidelines, and the World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki. The study aimed to identify similarities and draw inferences in applying the San code of ethics when conducting biomedical research among indigenous populations groups in Africa and globally. In-depth interviews lasting 45 to 55 minutes were conducted among a group of 12 purposively sampled biomedical researchers in South Africa. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic content analysis. Participants observed some important similarities between the San Code of Ethics, the CIOMS ethical guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki.Nevertheless, the research discovered that San peoples were of the opinion, that community involvement in biomedical research reduces exploitation, and enhances human dignity, and should be based on mutual respect, honesty, justice, fairness, and the ethics of care.

Details

1009240
Title
The San Code of Ethics Versus International Ethical Guidelines: A Cross-Cultural Analysis
Volume
7
Issue
1
Pages
1-13
Number of pages
14
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Section
Articles
Place of publication
Durban
Country of publication
Durban
ISSN
26634589
e-ISSN
26634597
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
Document type
Journal Article
Publication history
 
 
Milestone dates
2017-03-20 (Published); 2023-12-06 (Submitted); 2025-01-04 (Issued); 2025-03-17 (Created); 2025-08-04 (Modified)
ProQuest document ID
3236999049
Document URL
https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/san-code-ethics-versus-international-ethical/docview/3236999049/se-2?accountid=208611
Copyright
© 2025. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Last updated
2025-11-07
Database
3 databases
  • Coronavirus Research Database
  • ProQuest One Academic
  • ProQuest One Academic