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Coupled grey and green infrastructure (CGGI) offers a promising pathway toward sustainable stormwater management in historic urban environments. This study compares CGGI and conventional grey infrastructure (GREI)-only strategies across four degrees of layout centralization (0%, 33.3%, 66.7%, and 100%) in the Quanzhou West Street Historic Reserve, China. Using a multi-objective optimization framework integrating SWMM simulations, life-cycle cost (LCC) modeling, and resilience metrics, we found that the decentralized CGGI layouts reduced the total LCC by up to 29.6% and required 60.7% less green infrastructure (GI) area than centralized schemes. Under nine extreme rainfall scenarios, the GREI-only systems showed slightly higher technical resilience (Tech-R: max 99.6%) than CGGI (Tech-R: max 99.1%). However, the CGGI systems outperformed GREI in operational resilience (Oper-R), reducing overflow volume by up to 22.6% under 50% network failure. These findings demonstrate that decentralized CGGI provides a more resilient and cost-effective drainage solution, well-suited for heritage districts with spatial and cultural constraints.
Details
; Zhang Menghan 2 ; Adnan Rana Muhammad 3
; Fu Weicong 4 ; Sun Chuanhao 5 ; Tan Soon Keat 6
1 Art School, Hunan University of Information Technology, Changsha 410151, China; [email protected]
2 College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; [email protected] (Z.X.); [email protected] (M.Z.)
3 Water Science and Environmental Research Centre, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; [email protected], Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600001, India
4 College of Landscape and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350028, China; [email protected]
5 Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai 201210, China
6 School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; [email protected]