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The advancement of precision technologies has revolutionized livestock farming, particularly in the dairy sector, where sensor-based systems offer new opportunities for real-time monitoring and improved herd management. Over the past few decades, the adoption of sensor technologies in dairy farms has steadily increased, driven by the growing need for actionable insights that enhance animal health, productivity, and welfare. These technologies, often integrated with management software, enable the early detection of diseases, evaluation of physiological parameters, and monitoring of behavioral patterns, ultimately supporting timely decision-making on the farm. Despite the availability of a wide range of sensors in the commercial market, their successful implementation largely depends on the generation of meaningful data that can be directly translated into effective management actions. While many studies have focused on postpartum health disorders, there is a growing interest in expanding the application of sensors across different physiological stages of the dairy cow, including the dry period and transition phase, to help inform management decisions during the lactation cycle. Understanding how behavioral patterns such as rumination, activity, lying, and standing behavior respond to changes in management and physiological status is crucial for enhancing cow comfort, reducing health issues, and improving productivity outcomes, and longevity of dairy cows. The objective of this dissertation is to explore how sensor technologies can be applied across various stages of the production cycle, particularly around the dry-off and transition periods, and how they can be leveraged to promote animal welfare and optimize performance. Through a series of experimental studies, this dissertation investigates the behavioral and physiological responses of dairy cows to different dry-off strategies, as well as the implications of behaviors dynamics in the postpartum period. The first experimental chapter examines how milk production in the week preceding dry-off influences activity and rumination behavior during the initial 30 days of the dry period. The second and third experimental chapters assess the use of acidogenic boluses around dry-off, evaluating their impact on cow comfort, behavior, and metabolic responses. Finally, the fourth experimental chapter explores the role of rumination recovery in the first week postpartum in modifying the association between hyperketonemia and subsequent performance. Together, these studies contribute to a deeper understanding of how sensor data can support more informed and effective management practices during critical periods of the lactation cycle.