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Abstract

Background: Immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone, particularly in Class II extraction sockets with partial facial bone loss, presents challenges in achieving soft and hard tissue stability. Customized computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) titanium abutments may offer advantages over prefabricated stock abutments. This study compared the clinical, radiographic, and patient-reported outcomes of customized CAD/CAM titanium abutments versus stock Laser-Lok stock abutments. Materials and methods: In a single-center, double-blind randomized clinical trial, 48 patients received immediate maxillary anterior implants restored with either customized CAD/CAM titanium abutments (n = 24) or stock titanium abutments (n = 24). Primary outcomes included peri-implant probing depth (PD), mucosal height, Pink Esthetic Score (PES), crestal bone level changes, and patient satisfaction assessed at baseline, 6, and 12 months post-loading. Statistical analysis included effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals. Results: At 12 months, the customized abutment group showed significantly shallower PD (mean difference: −0.54 mm; 95% CI: −0.72 to −0.35; p < 0.001), higher PES (12.21 ± 0.35 vs. 10.41 ± 1.17; p < 0.0001; Cohen’s d = 2.08), and less crestal bone loss (1.75 ± 0.36 mm vs. 2.33 ± 0.52 mm; p < 0.0001). Patient satisfaction scores were also higher in the customized group (p = 0.003). Within-group improvements were observed in both groups over time. No implant failures occurred. Conclusions: At 1-year follow-up, customized CAD/CAM titanium abutments demonstrated improved peri-implant soft tissue parameters, esthetics, and patient satisfaction compared to stock abutments. While these findings support their use in esthetically demanding immediate implant cases, the short-term duration and single-center design warrant further long-term multicenter studies to confirm durability. Trial registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on 19/01/2025 (NCT06791655).

Details

1009240
Title
Comparative Evaluation of Customized CAD/CAM vs. Stock Titanium Abutments for Immediate Implant Placement in Class II Extraction Sockets: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Author
Robaian Ali 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hamed Mohamed Mofreh 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ahmed, Yousra 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hassanein Fatma E. A. 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Conservative Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16273, Saudi Arabia 
 Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, El Tur 46612, South Sinai, Egypt; [email protected] 
 Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Removable Prosthodontic Division, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, El Tur 46612, South Sinai, Egypt; [email protected] 
Publication title
Volume
13
Issue
8
First page
371
Number of pages
21
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
Place of publication
Basel
Country of publication
Switzerland
Publication subject
e-ISSN
23046767
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
Document type
Journal Article
Publication history
 
 
Online publication date
2025-08-15
Milestone dates
2025-07-06 (Received); 2025-08-11 (Accepted)
Publication history
 
 
   First posting date
15 Aug 2025
ProQuest document ID
3244002666
Document URL
https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/comparative-evaluation-customized-cad-cam-vs/docview/3244002666/se-2?accountid=208611
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Last updated
2025-08-27
Database
2 databases
  • ProQuest One Academic
  • ProQuest One Academic