A Comparative Usability Analysis of Input Methods and Keyboard Layouts for Typing on Smartwatches

Abstract

Conference Title: 2025 17th International Conference on Intelligent Human-Machine Systems and Cybernetics (IHMSC)

Conference Start Date: 2025 Aug. 22

Conference End Date: 2025 Aug. 23

Conference Location: Hangzhou, China

Smartwatches have gained significant popularity due to their ability to integrate various functionalities into a wearable device. However, optimizing typing experience on these devices remains a critical challenge, particularly in terms of keyboard design. This study aims to evaluate the impact of different input methods and display layouts on user interaction and satisfaction with smartwatches. Through two experiments, we conducted a comprehensive comparison of two input methods (tap and trace) and two display layouts (QWERTY-inspired layout and alphabetical layout). Our findings reveal that tap significantly outperformed trace in terms of efficiency and ease of use, while Qwerty-inspired layout provided faster character localization implicitly. The study concludes with recommendations for future research directions and practical applications in wearable technology design.