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During the Second Intifada (2001-2002), Italian post-autonomy collectives carried out direct actions in Palestine and Israel, seeking to influence the Israeli-Palestinian conflict from a diplomacy from below perspective. These actions reached the full potential and limits of such theoretical practice. Using a qualitative approach based on political ethnography, the history and identities of the protagonists of these events are reconstructed. The conclusions underline that it is unfeasible to maintain active diplomacy from below in protracted armed conflicts, offering an original reconstruction of some key moments of the Second Intifada from the perspective of a non-state civil society political actor.