Performance analysis of a multi-purpose winch integrated with the UAV Phantom 3 type for marine conservation and survey applications

Abstract

Global climate change affects the dynamics of aquatic environmental quality, which results in pressure on marine ecosystems. Efficient data collector is needed for ecological management strategies. This research explores the development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) utilization to collect in situ water data through a controlled transport system of measuring instruments. The Multi-Purpose Winch (MPW) innovation was developed to integrate the UAV Phantom 3 type with multi-parameter measuring instruments for in situ data collection. The research method used is the research and development (R&D) approach, which adopts the Design Thinking concept framework with five stages: (1) empathize, (2) define, (3) ideate, (4) prototype, and (5) test. The results show that the design and construction of the MPW allows integration with the UAV Phantom 3 type, which consists of NodeMCU, winch, electronic speed controller (ESC), global positioning system (GPS), and battery components. GPS accuracy tests on the MPW showed values between 1.57 and 9.99 m, with an average of 4.27 m. The load pulling speed test showed a range of 3.36 x 10°? - 4.89 x 107 m si, while the load dropping speed test ranged from 5.53 x 102 - 4.54 x 10? ms, Performance testing of the MPW showed that increasing the load and altitude would decrease the speed and increase the duration of retraction and descent. This MPW design has the potential to carry survey tools weighing between 75 and 290 grams. Drone-based surveys are more cost-efficient measurement of the aquatic environment than boat-based surveys with a total cost of ownership (TCO) of IDR 35,434,000, cost saving percentage (CSP) of 88.17%, and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 8.46.