Space Quantum Communication: Applications and challenges for building Global Quantum Network

Abstract

Quantum communications can play a key role in the space systems, secure telecommunications, information processing, navigation and science of the future. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is the next step in security evolution which will open new horizons in building and expand Global Quantum Network. Unique properties of the quantum mechanical principles such as superposition, entanglement and teleportation are used to transfer quantum information between quantum devices, but also to generate and distribute secure cryptographic keys. We aim to summarize different challenges and their inventive solutions in free space quantum communications through satellites. Increased investment in the field led to new technological breakthroughs that can enhance Quantum Key Distribution over vast distances through Inter-Satellite and Satellite-Ground quantum communication, but also to connect the future quantum sensors and scalable quantum computers.