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Evolutionary game theory is a research method based on the ideas of economic game and biological evolution, using the subject’s benefit matrix as the core tool to explore the subject’s behavioral evolution path and the evolution trend of events. Based on evolutionary game theory, this paper chooses undergraduate education of college students as a specific research object, constructs a three-party evolutionary game model of students, teachers and schools in education research, and analyzes the relationship between dominance and subjectivity in the process of college education through solving the model and carrying out computer simulation. Based on this, the specific practical path of the unification of dominance and subjectivity in college curriculum under the perspective of Marxist anthropology is proposed. The simulation results show that regardless of the changes in the initial willingness of the tripartite subjects, the student strategy is ultimately stabilized in active learning. At the same time, through the parameter analysis, it can be seen that the benefits and costs of tutor training students will affect the degree of seriousness in student training, the lower the cost, the higher the benefit, the tutor tends to “train students seriously”, while the school also tends to “effective incentives”, but for the students, the school also tends to “effective incentives”. The school also tends to make “effective incentive” decisions, but has less influence on students’ decisions. Overall, the school’s effective incentives will promote the tutor’s conscientious training behavior, the school, improve the tutor’s conscientious attitude, improve the student’s research attitude, and promote the improvement of the school’s training system.