Influence of Design Parameters on Implant Abutment Performance: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Implant abutments serve as the critical interface between dental implants and prosthodontic restorations, playing a central role in the functional and aesthetic success of implant-supported rehabilitations. With the development of CAD/CAM technologies, dental implantology has experienced a significant transformation. The latest and still unexplored field of science includes an advanced algorithm-driven process known as generative design. Generally, generative design is used to investigate a broad spectrum of design alternatives that satisfy predetermined criteria established by a designer. Prior to the application of generative design, it is essential to define the key parameters that influence the optimization of the designed object’s configuration, such as a hybrid implant abutment. A bibliographic search was performed using PubMed and Scopus databases to identify relevant studies published up to 1 July 2025. Studies that investigated transmucosal and prosthodontic height of implant abutments were selected for inclusion. Only 13 studies met inclusion criteria and were further analyzed. Included studies showed the importance of transmucosal and prosthodontic height of implant abutments in order to reduce possible complications. The review highlights the importance of optimizing the transmucosal and transgingival heights of implant abutments. For predictable biological and mechanical outcomes, both dimensions should be at least 2 mm. The obtained parameter values will be used to create the initial parametric model, which will then be utilized in the generative design process of hybrid implant abutments.