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Abstract

Introduction

The financial resources for medical education are limited. Since every pedagogical intervention uses these resources, it is important to prioritize interventions that generate the most educational gains. Applying cost-analysis in education helps align financial resources with educational goals. Team-based learning (TBL) and small group interactive learning (SIL) are two active teaching/learning methods widely used in medical education. We have previously shown that their outcomes are comparable regarding students’ knowledge acquisition, satisfaction and engagement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the costs of delivering TBL versus SIL to undergraduate medical students.

Method

The implementation costs and recurring costs of delivering TBL and SIL to 157 medical students attending clinical seminars in the obstetrics and gynecology course at Karolinska Institutet were evaluated. A cost minimization analysis was performed where the implementation costs and the recurring costs of delivering TBL and SIL were calculated and compared.

Results

The implementation costs of delivering TBL were 126 USD/student, with teacher salaries accounting for 50% of the total costs. The recurring costs of delivering TBL and SIL were 74 USD/student and 31 USD/student, respectively. The sensitivity analysis for TBL showed that with analog aids and a student: teacher ratio of 80:1, the costs would be 10 USD/student.

Conclusion

TBL was more costly than SIL in our setting, primarily due to the implementation expenses incurred for faculty training during the initial phase of this newly introduced teaching method and the costs of using an electronic platform. However, the sensitivity analysis indicated that adopting analog tools and increasing the student: teacher ratio could significantly reduce TBL costs, making it more comparable to SIL. Keywords: cost-analysis, team-based learning, active learning, cost-efectiveness

Details

1009240
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Title
The cost-analysis of Team-Based Learning versus small group interactive learning in undergraduate medical education
Publication title
Volume
25
Pages
1-7
Number of pages
8
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Section
Research
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V.
Place of publication
London
Country of publication
Netherlands
e-ISSN
14726920
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
Document type
Journal Article
Publication history
 
 
Online publication date
2025-10-02
Milestone dates
2024-12-04 (Received); 2025-08-11 (Accepted); 2025-10-02 (Published)
Publication history
 
 
   First posting date
02 Oct 2025
ProQuest document ID
3257228153
Document URL
https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/cost-analysis-team-based-learning-versus-small/docview/3257228153/se-2?accountid=208611
Copyright
© 2025. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Last updated
2025-10-16
Database
ProQuest One Academic