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Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly become an integral component of various sectors, including health care and education. AI refers to the development of computer systems capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as reasoning, problem solving, learning, and decision making (Montejo et al., 2024). One of the most well-known advancements in AI is ChatGPT, a natural language processing model developed by OpenAI, designed to generate human-like conversations and answers to complex queries (Rawas, 2024). In recent years, AI-powered tools have been increasingly integrated into academic settings to enhance learning experiences, promote personalized instruction, and assist with administrative tasks (Gunawan et al., 2024). These models represent the evolving capabilities of AI to understand, process, and create text, which has found applications in many educational settings (Ouyang et al., 2022).
AI tools have been used to streamline various tasks across disciplines, from automating grading systems to providing personalized learning experiences for students (Gunawan et al., 2024). These tools can help educators offer more tailored support to students, addressing individual learning needs and improving the efficiency of course management. These technologies have demonstrated significant potential to support personalized learning environments, provide instant feedback, and assist educators in managing large classes (El Azhari et al., 2023). For instance, when faculty are unavailable, chatbots can serve as valuable resources for addressing students' repetitive questions, thereby alleviating instructional burdens (El Azhari et al., 2023). The exponential rise in AI technologies like ChatGPT has ignited widespread discussions about their applications and the challenges they pose in higher education (Sun & Hoelscher, 2023).
As the use of AI technologies expands, it becomes increasingly important to assess their utility in specific educational contexts, including nursing education. In nursing education, a scoping review by Buchanan et al. (2021) highlighted the growing adoption of AI technologies, emphasizing the need to develop new technological competencies. However, the use of AI in nursing education remains largely underexplored, especially in the context of developing research competencies. Therefore, to foster responsible use of AI in educational contexts, educators must design assignments that encourage critical thinking, problem solving, and self-reflection to teach students how to critically evaluate information and make...