Key findings and integration strategies on the impact of digital technologies on students' learning: Results from a literature review

Abstract

This working paper presents findings from a literature review on the impact of digital tools on student learning and motivation in education. Overall, digital tools can enhance engagement and personalise learning, but their effectiveness is not guaranteed and depends on strategic implementation. Teachers play a central role here, whilst the review also identifies risks such as digital distraction, equity issues and cyberbullying that must be thoughtfully addressed for effective and safe digital learning environments. This working paper was prepared as part of the Resourcing school education: Policies for the digital transformation of education and future-readiness of teachers project, which is included in the 2025-26 Programme of Work of the OECD's Education Policy Committee. It was commissioned by the Irish Department of Education and Youth to the OECD to investigate the impact of digital tools on education. It was developed by the University of Stavanger, under the guidance of the OECD Secretariat.