Improved PMSM Speed Control Using Backstepping: Stability and Performance Analysis

Abstract

This paper proposes a backtracking control strategy for speed regulation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs). The approach is based on the Lyapunov stability principle to ensure global system stability and accurate trajectory tracking. Compared with conventional control methods, including proportional integration (PI), model predictive control (MPC), and slip mode control (SMC), our technique provides faster response, improved disturbance rejection, and greater adaptability to parameter changes. MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations show that backtracking reduces the settling time by 45% and improves the tracking accuracy by 30% relative to PI control. Moreover, the system maintains stability under torque disturbances up to ±5 Nm without deviating from the reference speed. It also significantly mitigates sudden speed fluctuations, achieving a 50% reduction in response time compared with conventional methods. These results highlight Backstepping as a robust and efficient control strategy. It is highly suitable for applications requiring precise speed regulation, high stability, and superior dynamic performance, such as electric vehicle propulsion and industrial automation.