Content area
Introduction
Adverse events in hospitals significantly compromise patient safety and trust in healthcare systems, with medical errors being a leading cause of death globally. Despite efforts to reduce these errors, reporting remains low, and effective system changes are rare. This systematic review explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical risk management.
Methods
The systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines to ensure a comprehensive and transparent approach. We utilized the online tool Rayyan for efficient screening and selection of relevant studies from three different online bibliographic.
Results
AI systems, including machine learning and natural language processing, show promise in detecting adverse events, predicting medication errors, assessing fall risks, and preventing pressure injuries. Studies reveal that AI can improve incident reporting accuracy, identify high-risk incidents, and automate classification processes. However, challenges such as socio-technical issues, implementation barriers, and the need for standardization persist.
Discussion
The review highlights the effectiveness of AI in various applications but underscores the necessity for further research to ensure safe and consistent integration into clinical practices. Future directions involve refining AI tools through continuous feedback and addressing regulatory standards to enhance patient safety and care quality.
Details
1 Research Unit of Bioethics and Humanities, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy, Department of Clinical Affair, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
2 Research Unit of Bioethics and Humanities, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
3 Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
4 Research Unit of Bioethics and Humanities, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy, Research Unit of Nursing Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
5 International School of Advanced Studies, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
6 Research Unit of Bioethics and Humanities, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
7 Department of Law, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy
8 Department of Law, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Macerata, Macerata, Italy, Italian Network for Safety in Healthcare (INSH), Coordination of Marche Region, Macerata, Italy