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Acculturation gaps can strain immigrant families, yet evidence specific to South Asian Americans is limited. Guided by acculturation gap-distress, acculturative family distancing, and shared language erosion (SLE) theories, we examined whether heritage-language loss relates to family conflict and mental health among second-generation South Asian American adults and tested moderation by family conflict and communication quality, with demographic correlates explored. The researcher surveyed 108 adults (age 28-48; Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi) via an online questionnaire. SLE was proxied with AAMAS language items (heritage-language speaking, understanding). Family conflict, communication quality, depression, anxiety, and self-rated mental health were measured with the AAFCS, PACS (Open Communication), PHQ-9, GAD-7, and SRMH. Analyses used correlations and hierarchical regressions with centered predictors. SLE did not predict family conflict. Communication quality showed a strong inverse association with family conflict (p < .001), independent of language proficiency. Heritage-language understanding, but not speaking, was associated with fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms, including when controlling for family conflict, although models explained modest variance. Neither family conflict nor communication quality moderated SLE associations. Higher income related to better mental health, whereas doctoral attainment related to higher depressive symptoms and older age to poorer self-rated mental health. Findings suggest everyday parent-child communication may reduce conflict regardless of language proficiency, while preserving heritage-language understanding could confer mental-health benefits. Culturally responsive interventions pairing communication skills with heritage-language maintenance, and studies using validated SLE measures and broader, more diverse samples, are warranted.