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Housing has become a consumer good that, when combined with a rigid functionalist model, proves to be obsolete and disposable due to factors such as changes in family structures and the emerging needs of its inhabitants. In the 20th century, particularly in the context of a housing crisis, the optimization of minimal spaces reinforced the importance of flexibility as a response to these limitations. However, over time, the concept was absorbed by a marketdriven logic, evolving into a commercial product in which flexible solutions were promoted more as a promise of adaptability than as a truly effective spatial strategy.
The term flexibility has become worn out and misunderstood, even generating prejudices about its applicability and relevance. In this context, this research aims to clarify and reorient the concept of flexibility, recovering its true purpose within the context of multi-family housing. Through a systematic literature review, it was identified that flexibility has been defined in two extremes: one under the control of the architect, and the other focusing on indeterminacy, granting total freedom to the inhabitant. Instead of this dichotomy, the research advocates for flexibility as an intelligent spatial strategy embedded in the floor plan design, achieved through greater polyvalence of spaces.
The analysis of various spatial strategies highlights the importance of passive strategies, whether requiring no maintenance or minimal upkeep. More than a response to changes in family structure, the focus is placed on spatial quality, comfort, and inclusion. However, many of these strategies are not immediately visible to those outside the field of architecture, as they do not appear as obvious elements of transformation. Even so, it is these discreet solutions, integrated into the floor plan design, that ensure greater adaptability and quality of living. Therefore, this research reinforces the architect's role in housing design, emphasizing that only through their expertise is it possible to achieve effective and sustainable spatial solutions over time.