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Abstract

Ocean-bottom seismic (OBS) surveys have been applied in marine oil and gas exploration. In the typical OBS observation geometry, the source and receiver are located on/near different datums, i.e., the sea surface and the seafloor. Besides the desired primary reflections, abundant water-layer-related multiples (WLRMs) are the dominant noises. The demultiple processing for OBS data is a long-standing challenging task. If these WLRMs are not properly suppressed, they will be projected into the subsurface domain by the pre-stack depth migration (PSDM) engine, forming crosstalk imaging artifacts. By combining a finite-difference-based wave simulator and an acoustic Kirchhoff PSDM engine, we propose to build up a numerical analysis workflow to address the influence of WLRMs on depth images. We make a classification of typical WLRMs. Through an integrated numerical investigation, we conduct a detailed analysis of basic migration responses, wave-mode crosstalk, and effective artifact suppression solutions. With a generalized mirror migration approach, we emphasize the potential application of turning WLRMs into effective signals. The built-up investigation method and the obtained understanding of multiples can further benefit in suppressing and utilizing multiples in OBS datasets.

Details

1009240
Title
Imaging Ocean-Bottom Seismic Data with Acoustic Kirchhoff Pre-Stack Depth Migration: A Numerical Investigation of Migration Responses and Crosstalk Artifacts
Author
Han Bingkai 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Liang, Quan 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Mao Weijian 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Chen, Guoxin 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Research Center for Computational and Exploration Geophysics, State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China; [email protected] (Q.L.); [email protected] (W.M.) 
 Institute of Marine Geology and Resources, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China; [email protected] 
Volume
13
Issue
11
First page
2109
Number of pages
25
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
Place of publication
Basel
Country of publication
Switzerland
Publication subject
e-ISSN
20771312
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
Document type
Journal Article
Publication history
 
 
Online publication date
2025-11-06
Milestone dates
2025-09-30 (Received); 2025-11-03 (Accepted)
Publication history
 
 
   First posting date
06 Nov 2025
ProQuest document ID
3275540503
Document URL
https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/imaging-ocean-bottom-seismic-data-with-acoustic/docview/3275540503/se-2?accountid=208611
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Last updated
2025-11-26
Database
ProQuest One Academic