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The present study aims to evaluate the water quality in the hydrographic sub-region of the Acará River, in the state of Pará, through the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the Trophic State Index (TSI), using physicochemical and biological parameters. The theoretical framework is based on environmental concepts that address the impacts of anthropogenic activities on water sources, with an emphasis on the WQI and TSI as adapted by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB) and the standards established by CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005. The adopted methodology involved the analysis of secondary data from the monitoring of the National Water Quality Assessment Program (PNQA) of ANA, with samples collected at six points along the Acará River and its tributaries, during rainy and dry periods. The results indicated that water quality ranged from "good" to "fair", with trophic state values falling between the oligotrophic and mesotrophic ranges, and with increases in turbidity and thermotolerant coliforms during the rainy season, suggesting the influence of untreated sewage discharge and the runoffof sediments and nutrients. The implications of this research highlight the need for investments in basic sanitation and continuous monitoring strategies, contributing to the sustainable management of water resources. This study presents originality by integrating historical data and environmental indicators to support decision-making in water management, demonstrating its potential impact on the development of public policies. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the water quality in the hydrographic sub-region of the Acará River, aiming to evaluate physicochemical and biological parameters through the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the Trophic State Index (TSI), identify possible sources of contamination, and propose environmental management measures for the preservation of water resources. Theoretical Framework: This study is based on theories related to water quality, the impact of anthropogenic activities, and water resource management. It highlights the concepts of WQI and TSI, as adapted by CETESB, and the regulatory guidelines of CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005, which provide a robust foundation for the assessment of water sources. Method: The research adopts a quantitative approach using data from the PNQA by ANA. Seasonal sampling was conducted at six points distributed along the Acará River and its tributaries, analyzing nine parameters (dissolved oxygen, thermotolerant coliforms, pH, turbidity, BOD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total solids). Sampling followed the procedures described in the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater and ABNT standards (NBR 9898). The WQI and TSI were calculated using a weighted product of parameter values and statistical formulas, applying the weights defined by CETESB. Results and Discussion: The results showed that water quality in the sub-region ranged from "good" to "fair," with lower indices in areas close to urban zones and higher sewage discharge, while the trophic state remained within the oligotrophic to mesotrophic ranges. Seasonality played a significant role, with higher turbidity and thermotolerant coliform concentrations observed during the rainy season. Research Implications: The implications of this research are significant for water resource management, as the findings can support public sanitation policies and environmental monitoring strategies. The data indicate the urgent need for investments in wastewater infrastructure and the implementation of sustainable management practices, with positive impacts on environmental management, urban planning, and public health. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by integrating historical environmental monitoring data with the application of the WQI and TSI, offering an innovative analysis of water quality in the Acará River subregion. The adopted approach allows for the identification of seasonal trends and sources of contamination, adding value to the development of water management strategies and the formulation of environmental policies.