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Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of constructive barriers (compartmentalization) in containing the spread of fire between semi-detached single-story houses. Theoretical Framework: The research focuses on the importance of fire safety in single-story semi-detached houses, highlighting the vulnerability of these buildings and their occupants to fires. The study covers concepts of computer simulation and fire behavior in buildings. Method: The methodology adopted for this research involves computer simulations using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) software to analyze different fire scenarios. Data collection was performed using outputs generated by the FDS and Smokeview (SMV). Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that: in the scenario where there is no compartmentalization between the semi-detached dwellings, the spread of fire occurs through the gap between the ceiling and the roof, revealing that this is the point of greatest vulnerability in the building; and, in the scenarios where there is some type of compartmentalization, the spread of fire is significantly delayed. Simulations with the FDS enabled predictions of fire behavior, temperatures, and Heat Release Rate (HRR) in the scenarios analyzed. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of design development based on the performance of buildings in fire situations. These implications may include the development of safer designs and the promotion of fire safety guidelines for semi-detached residential buildings in Brazil. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by advancing fire safety studies based on building performance. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by the use of the FDS in conjunction with Brazilian fire safety standards.