A Post-Quantum-Secure Communication Framework for LLM-User Interaction Leveraging CRYSTALS-Kyber and CRYSTALS-Dilithium

Abstract

Conference Title: 2025 IEEE 14th International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Berlin (ICCE-Berlin)

Conference Start Date: 2025 Sept. 6

Conference End Date: 2025 Sept. 8

Conference Location: Berlin, Germany

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMS) and their increasing adoption by enterprises for diverse response generation, combined with breakthroughs in quantum computing, challenge the viability of using traditional cryptographic methods to secure communication with LLMs. This work introduces a post-quantum-secure communication framework designed to safeguard interactions between LLMs and users. The proposed security framework employs CRYSTALS-Kyber, a Key-Encapsulation Mechanism (KEM), to provide security against quantum adversaries. Application Programming Interface (API)-based communication is secured through a protocol that balances security and efficiency in client-server exchanges. Additionally, the framework also employs CRYSTALS-Dilithium, a post-quantum-secure digital signature scheme, to strengthen authentication and guarantee data integrity in client-server communications. The proposed protocol is implemented using LLaMA 3.1 deployed through Ollama, with Python-based serverside and client-side applications. By mitigating the risks introduced by advances in quantum technologies, this work aims to provide a scalable and efficient solution that strengthens data privacy and integrity for applications leveraging LLMs.