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Global tax governance is undergoing a significant transformation. Historically dominated by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), recent discussions have called for a shift toward a United Nations (UN)-led framework. This thesis explores the implications of such a transition, focusing on its impact on Germany as a developed nation. While the OECD has long been the primary forum for international tax cooperation, developing countries have criticized its legitimacy, arguing that it primarily serves the interests of wealthier nations. In response, the UN has positioned itself as a potential alternative, advocating for a more inclusive and equitable approach to global taxation. This study examines the structural differences between the OECD and the UN in shaping international tax policy. It analyzes the OECD’s role in setting global tax standards, particularly through its Model Tax Convention and the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project. In contrast, the thesis assesses whether the UN’s emerging framework can address power imbalances and better represent the interests of developing nations while still accommodating developed countries like Germany. A central research question of this thesis is: How would a shift from the OECD to an UNled framework affect Germany’s position in global tax governance? By analyzing Germany’s tax policy, economic structure, and role in multilateral negotiations, the study evaluates potential benefits and challenges that such a transition might bring. While proponents argue that a UN-led framework could enhance fairness in global tax distribution, skeptics - especially within developed nations - warn of increased complexity and potential economic disadvantages. This research contributes to the broader debate on international tax governance by providing a differentiated perspective on the institutional power shift from the OECD to the UN. Ultimately, it highlights that while a transition to an UN-led framework may enhance global tax justice, its success will depend on the willingness of developed nations to engage in a more inclusive multilateral system.