Harnessing chaotic bifurcation in positive feedback transistors for secure and scalable random key generation

Abstract

In the era of big data, robust data security is more critical than ever. One promising way to create unpredictable random keys is to use the intrinsic physical randomness of electronic devices. However, controlling and reproducing this randomness remains a significant challenge. For the first time, we reveal a parabolic input-output relationship enabled by the band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) mechanism in a positive feedback transistor (PFT). By applying iterative operations, we observe chaotic bifurcation behavior, which allows the stable generation of analog random values across more than 10¹⁰ cycles. These random values are then used to encrypt and decrypt images, showcasing how encryption technologies can be implemented with just a single PFT. We also show that the charge-trap flash memory (CTF) array integrated with the PFTs can store encrypted information. This study highlights the potential of PFTs as random key generators and examines the device’s behavior under chaotic conditions. By leveraging the physical characteristics of the device, we provide a secure and reliable method for data encryption.

True random number generators are highly demanded for secured data processing, yet it remains challenging to control and reproduce the randomness. Im et al. generate analog random values using a positive feedback transistor and implement it to encrypt and decrypt images, and store encrypted information.