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J Canc Educ (2011) 26:1221 DOI 10.1007/s13187-010-0183-x
Effective Teaching Strategies and Methods of Delivery for Patient Education: A Systematic Review and Practice Guideline Recommendations
Audrey Jusko Friedman & Roxanne Cosby &
Susan Boyko & Jane Hatton-Bauer & Gale Turnbull
Published online: 16 December 2010 # Springer 2010
Abstract The objective of this study was to determine effective teaching strategies and methods of delivery for patient education (PE). A systematic review was conducted and reviews with or without meta-analyses, which examined teaching strategies and methods of delivery for PE, were included. Teaching strategies identified are traditional lectures, discussions, simulated games, computer technology, written material, audiovisual sources, verbal recall, demon-
stration, and role playing. Methods of delivery focused on how to deliver the teaching strategies. Teaching strategies that increased knowledge, decreased anxiety, and increased satisfaction included computer technology, audio and videotapes, written materials, and demonstrations. Various teaching strategies used in combination were similarly successful. Moreover, structured-, culturally appropriate- and patient-specific teachings were found to be better than ad hoc teaching or generalized teaching. Findings provide guidance for establishing provincial standards for the delivery of PE. Recommendations concerning the efficacy of the teaching strategies and delivery methods are provided.
Keywords Patient education . Teaching strategies . Systematic reviews . Meta-analyses . Patient-specific teaching
Introduction
Patient education (PE) is any set of planned educational activities, using a combination of methods (teaching, counseling, and behavior modification), that is designed to improve patients knowledge and health behaviors [1]. Studies have established the informational needs of cancer patients [24]. Psycho-educational interventions, such as education, exercise, and psychosocial support, have been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes in adult patients with a variety of diseases [5, 6]. This guidance document evaluates the effect of various teaching strategies and methods of delivery for PE on patient outcomes. The PE teaching strategies that were targeted were taken from the University Health Network (UHN) Patient Education Task Forum framework [7]. By using this guidance document, healthcare professionals involved in PE including PE specialists, healthcare admin-
A. J. FriedmanUniversity Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
A. J. Friedman (*)
Cancer Care Ontario,610 University Avenue 5-319, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada e-mail: [email protected]
R. CosbyProgram in Evidence-Based Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canadae-mail: [email protected]
R. CosbyDepartment of Oncology, McMaster...