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The study aimed at an investigation of the impact of parenting styles on self-esteem of individuals suffering from stammering. Using purposive sampling 50 male patients suffering from stammering were taken from Speech Department of National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine (NIRM), Islamabad. The age range of the participants was 20 to 25 years. All the patients were from middle socioeconomic background. Parental Authority Questionnaire (Babree, 1997) and Self Esteem Scale (Rifai, 1999) were used in the study. The results indicated a positive correlation between authoritative parenting style and self-esteem among stammering individuals. The results also indicated a negative correlation between authoritarian and permissive parenting styles and self-esteem among stammering individuals. The results support our hypotheses.
Key words: Authoritative parenting, Authoritarian Parenting, Self-Esteem, Stammering,
Parenting is a complex process consisting of several specific behaviors that work individually and together to shape child's behavior. Although specific parenting behavior, such as hugging, kissing, spanking may influence the child's behavior, but interpreting any specific behavior in isolation may be misleading. Developmental psychologists have been interested since decades in discovering the impact of parental behavior on social and emotional development of children. Several investigators argue that specific parenting practices are less important as predictors of psychological well-being of child than the broad pattern of parental behavior and attitudes called parenting style. According to Baumrind (1991) the construct of parenting style refers to variations in parents' attempts to control and socialize their children. Despite variations among parents in the method they use to control or socialize their children, it is assumed that the primary objective of all such practices is to develop the most desirable and socially approved behavior of growing children.
Maccoby and Martin (1983) refer to a typology of four different parental styles: indulgent, authoritarian, authoritative, and uninvolved. According to Baumrind (1991), each of these parenting styles reflects different naturally occurring patterns of parental values, practices, and behaviors based on a distinct balance of responsiveness and demandingness. For instance, permissive parents are more responsive, warm and nurturant but place few demands or controls on their children. Authoritarian parents on the other hand, are highly demanding and directive but not responsive. Furthermore, some parents are both demanding and responsive. They are assertive, but their disciplinary methods are supportive and...