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The basic assumptions for occupational therapy--that being engaged in occupation is an integral part of human nature and that all people have a basic need and drive to be occupied--was first stated by Meyer (1922 ): "Our profession's concept of man is that of an organism that maintains and balances itself in the world of reality and actuality by being in active use" (p. 5). Participation in occupations shapes our minds and bodies and influences our health and well-being (Law, 2002 ; Wilcock, 1993, 2001 ; Yerxa, 1998 ), and is also seen as the primary source of meaning in human life (Christiansen, 1999 ; Hasselkus, 2002 ). The assertion that participation in occupations is strongly related to life satisfaction (Eriksson, Kottorp, Borg, & Tham, 2009 ) and to health and well-being (Charmaz, 1994 ; Clark et al., 1997 ; Law, Steinwender, & Leclair, 1998 ; Morgan & Bath, 1998 ) has been shown empirically.
According to occupational theories and models (Baum & Law, 1997 ; Chapparo & Ranka, 1997 ; Christiansen & Baum, 1997 ; Christiansen, Baum, & Bass-Haugen, 1991, 2005 ; Kielhofner, 1992, 2008 ; Townsend, 2002 ), both personal (motivation, abilities, and roles) and environmental (social support, culture, and tools) factors shape the occupations a person chooses to engage in and the environment in which a person lives. Engagement in occupations is seen not only as the actual doing but also as the subjective experience, which underlines the personal and social significance of the doing (Edwards & Christiansen, 2005 ; Kielhofner, 2008 ). The experience of engaging in occupations informs individuals of who they are and has implications for future choices of occupations.
Occupational therapy is concerned with enabling the individual to do the activities he or she wants and needs to do in everyday life. Occupations are universal but depend on many factors, including culture. The development of versions of the Activity Card Sort (ACS) in eight countries (Baum, 1995 ; Baum & Edwards, 2001 ; Chan, Chung, & Packer, 2006 ; Katz, Karpin, Lak, Furman, & Hartman-Maeir, 2003 ; Lee, 2009 ; Orellano, 2008 ; Packer, Boshoff, & DeJonge, 2008 ; Sachs & Josman, 2003 ) has offered opportunities to identify...