Content area
Full Text
Forty years of Kybernetes
1 Preface
Although the human history runs forward over time, events that are surprisingly similar indeed happen periodically. For example, each country or dynasty usually goes through a "turbulence[arrow right]peace[arrow right]turbulence" cyclic process, through which the culture of the society is raised to higher levels in a spiral mode. Recently, although the appearances of stability and turbulence have become so different from the old days, this cyclic process is still there. So, what forces could have been and are controlling the cyclic process of a country or dynasty and making the history repeated itself time and time again?
This paper is designed to obtain some ideas or answers to this question from a close look at the history of Qing dynasty, and develop the needed models for describing "turbulence[arrow right]peace[arrow right]turbulence" cycle. In the first part of this paper, a brief history of Qing dynasty is introduced, and reasons for the country's rise and fall are analyzed. Then in Section 2, the concept of interest (or interest) is expanded to include new scenarios under relevant assumptions, and then national interest models are established. In the third section, we carry out some quantitative simulation on the interest models by using numerical methods. At the end, conclusions are drawn by analyzing the numerical solutions, while providing a thought-provoking perspective.
2 Historic reasons for the rise and fall of Qing dynasty
2.1 Brief history of Qing dynasty
In 1616, a person named Nurhaci establish his own dynasty called Daikin in Hetuala (a county seat in Liaoning province), and named himself Khan.
In 1636 (the ninth year of Chong Zhen of the Ming Dynasty), Huang Taiji, a son of Nurhaci became the Emperor of Daikin in Shenyang. Upon his succession, he changed the country name to "Qing" and the national name to "Manchu".
The new Emperor Huang Taiji continued to use the polity of Ming by setting up six ministries and three interior institutions to help Qing complete the transformation from dulocracy to a feudal society.
In 1644 (late Ming), a riot led by Li Zicheng broke out in China, the peasants captured Beijing (the capital of Ming), and then Li Zicheng established his country, named "Big Shun," in Beijing. But the "Big Shun" had...