Galectin 8 targets damaged vesicles for autophagy to defend cells against bacterial invasion

Abstract

Galectin-8-dependent recruitment ofNDP52 to Salmonella-containing vesicles is transient and followed by ubiquitin-dependent NDP52 recruitment. Because galectin 8 also detects sterile damage to endosomes or lysosomes, as well as invasion by Listeria or Shigella, we suggest that galectin 8 serves as a versatile receptor for vesicle-damaging pathogens. An early line of defence comprises the accumulation of diacylglycerol on bacteria-containing vesicles, which subsequently become the target of autophagy19.Bacteria escaping the diacylglycerol pathway and exposing host glycans on their damaged vacuoles are targeted by galectin 8 and NDP52, as described in this work.