Content area
Abstract
Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have impaired social functioning that makes them vulnerable to negative consequences. Research suggests that this impairment is better explained by an inconsistent use of previously acquired social skills, or a deficit in performance, than by a lack of knowledge about social skills. Although the poor social skills used by people with ADHD in face-to-face interactions have also been found on social media, no research has examined the social skills of people with ADHD on Instagram, which may have greater potential to impact user well-being as a preferred site among emerging adults. Additionally, research has not examined whether a skill deficit or a performance deficit accounts for impairments on social media for people with ADHD. This study assessed whether IUP students with a high level of ADHD symptoms are as knowledgeable about Instagram social skills as their peers. This study also compared the social skills of students with and without ADHD symptoms by examining their Instagram pages to identify differences in social behavior on this platform. The sample consisted of 75 undergraduate students from a mid-sized, rural mid-Atlantic university. Results found that students with both high and low levels of ADHD symptoms had similar knowledge of Instagram social skills. In contrast to expectations, individuals high in ADHD symptoms posted content that displayed social behaviors that promote and hinder well-being as frequently as their peers with low levels of ADHD symptoms. Explanations for these results are discussed in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, social media changes, and methodological factors.