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Environ Health Prev Med (2012) 17:316321 DOI 10.1007/s12199-011-0256-4
REGULAR ARTICLE
Effect of cigarette smoking on paraoxonase 1 activity according to PON1 L55M and PON1 Q192R gene polymorphisms
Dhouha Haj Mouhamed Asma Ezzaher Anwar Mechri
Fadoua Neffati Asma Omezzine Ali Bouslama
Lot Gaha Wahiba Douki Mohamed Fadhel Najjar
Received: 23 September 2011 / Accepted: 26 November 2011 / Published online: 29 December 2011 The Japanese Society for Hygiene 2011
AbstractObjective This study aims to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity according to PON1 L55M and PON1 Q192R gene polymorphisms. Materials and methods Our sample included 300 voluntary subjects: 138 nonsmokers and 162 current smokers aged 38.47 21.91 and 35.55 16.03 years, respectively. PON1 activity was determined by kinetic methods. L55M and Q192R gene polymorphisms of PON1 were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Results We found in smokers a signicant decrease of PON1 activity before and after adjustment. We noted a signicant association between smoking status and lower PON1 activity [odds ratio (OR) = 3.03, condence interval 95% = 1.55.9, p = 0.001]. In smokers, there was signicant association between PON1 activity and PON1 L55M polymorphisms (p = 0.01). Also, the 55MM geno-type presented the lowest paraoxonase activity, while the 55LL genotype showed the highest one. After adjustment for confounding variables, smokers with PON1 L55M
polymorphism had the highest risk for lower PON1 activity; however, PON1 Q192R genotype might protect smokers from decrease in PON1 activity. We found signicant interaction between the effect of cigarette smoking and both PON1 L55M and PON1 Q192R polymorphisms on lower PON1 activity.
Conclusions Cigarette smoking was signicantly associated with decrease in PON1 activity. Moreover, PON1 L55M polymorphism predisposes smokers to decreased PON1 activity in contrast to PON1 Q192R genotype.
Keywords Smoking PON1 activity PON1 L55M and
PON1 Q192R gene polymorphisms
Introduction
Smoking is rmly established as 1 of the principal cardiovascular risk factors. In Tunisia, literature suggests that smoking prevalence is very high, especially among young people. Among health professionals and medical students, this prevalence is the same as in the general population [1]. Tobacco-related diseases are the leading cause of mortality among men, representing 22% of total male deaths for those older than 25 years [1]. Oxidative stress...