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About the Authors:
Kristien J. M. Zaal
* E-mail: [email protected]
Affiliation: Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Ericka Reid
Affiliation: Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Kambiz Mousavi
Affiliation: Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Tan Zhang
Current address: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
Affiliation: Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Amisha Mehta
Affiliation: Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Elisabeth Bugnard
Affiliations Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Orsay, France
Vittorio Sartorelli
Affiliation: Laboratory of Muscle Stem Cells and Gene Regulation, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Evelyn Ralston
Affiliation: Light Imaging Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Introduction
The Golgi complex is traditionally thought of as a single organelle per cell, and represented as a stack of flattened cisternae next to the nucleus. However, alternative organizations are found in skeletal [1], [2], [3] and cardiac [4] muscle, in osteoclasts [5], [6], plant cells [7], yeasts [8], polarized endothelial cells [9] and Drosophila embryos [10], [11]. The Golgi complex organization is also altered during mitosis [12], [13], [14], in apoptotic cells [15], in diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [16], [17], and in animal models of diseases such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy [18], [19], [20] and Pompe Disease [21], [22], [23]. Understanding how the Golgi complex transitions between different morphologies should help...