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Abstract
Propõe-se uma crítica radical às práticas educacionais a partir de uma interlocução interpelante entre Foucault e a psicanálise. Foucault aborda os temas da loucura, saber, poder e ética, tendo como pano de fundo uma crítica à sociedade disciplinar, às instituições e à normalização operada pela psiquiatria e psicanálise. Freud aborda a dinâmica dos conflitos psíquicos contrapondo-se ao saber médico de sua época, de modo a elaborar uma teoria sobre o inconsciente. O resgate das críticas de Foucault a Freud é fundamental à proposição deste artigo. O diálogo entre as críticas foucaultianas e psicanalíticas à educação e suas possíveis contribuições às transformações de suas práticas só se faz possível e potencializado quando se leva em conta as pertinentes críticas de Foucault à psicanálise. Por outro lado, faz-se necessário admitir que o campo psicanalítico, interlocutor permanente de Foucault, pode, em certa medida, vir a ser um aliado ao projeto filosófico deste último, quer seja em função do descentramento em relação à visão do sujeito racional, quer seja pela crítica às instituições, de modo a promover formas de se pensar e agir diferentes das que geralmente se objetivam nas práticas escolares e na vida cotidiana.
Abstract
This paper proposes a radical criticism of educational practices from an interpellant interlocution between Foucault and psychoanalysis. Foucault deals with themes like insanity, knowledge, power and ethics, having as a background a criticism of disciplinary society, institutions and normalization performed by psychiatry and psychoanalysis. Freud discusses the dynamics of psychic conflicts, opposing to the medical knowledge of his time, so that he could develop a theory of the unconscious. The retrieval of the criticisms of Foucault to Freud is fundamental to the proposition of this paper. The dialog between the foucaultian and psychoanalytic criticisms of education and their possible contribution for the transformation of its practices is only feasible and potentialized when it takes into account the pertinent Foucault's criticisms of psychoanalysis. On the other hand, it is necessary to admit that the psychoanalytic field, as a permanent interlocutor of Foucault, can become, to a certain extent, an ally of his philosophical project, as due to its decentering concerning the view of the rational subject as to the criticism of the institutions. It may thus promote ways of thinking and acting differently of those generally aimed in the school practices and in everyday life.
Keywords
Foucault; Psychoanalysis; Education; Power; Institution
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