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Huaizhi Su 1,2 and Yeyuan Kang 2,3
Academic Editor:Gangbing Song
1, State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
2, College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
3, National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety, Nanjing 210098, China
Received 5 June 2013; Revised 28 July 2013; Accepted 3 November 2013
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
1. Introduction
To protect cities, villages, mines, and factories on both sides of the river from devastating floods, levee engineering is constructed. Although levee construction technology for flood control has a history of several thousand years, levee engineering is not an exact science at present, because there are lots of random or uncertain factors during the project operation. Therefore, strengthening safety monitoring of levees is very important. The characteristics of levee engineering in China can be summarized as long distance; poor conditions in the levee foundation; poor quality of levee body filling; numerous ponds and lowland in the downstream areas; too many hidden dangers left by history; and lots of seepage disasters in flood season [1]. In view of the complex characteristics of levee engineering above, levee safety monitoring develops slowly and is not perfect compared with the dam safety monitoring, which needs further research and improvement [2]. With the social and economic development, the demand for flood control becomes higher and higher, and new thoughts of flood control and modernization of water conservancy give more arduous missions for management [3]. The digitization and information of engineering will greatly enhance the efficiency of project management, which will make a revolutionary change in management and method of levees. Safety monitoring of levees is not only beneficial to avoid dangers and disasters but also the precondition for prevention and forecast of levee disasters [4]. Seepage has always been an important factor influencing levee stability. In the flood season, there have been frequent seepage disasters of levee. The complexity of the levee seepage mainly reflects on two aspects:...