Rol biologico y aplicaciones de los miRNAs en cancer de seno

Abstract

MiRNAs are small RNAs that are involved in various processes of gene regulation by RNAi and play a key role in various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Consequently, the altered expression of miRNAs contributes to human disease, including cancer. In this review, we will focus on the recent findings of miRNAs that affect the development of cancer, particularly breast cancer; and simultaneously, we will evaluate their regulatory mechanisms , their classification , their use as markers of tumor invasion, drug susceptibility and additionally the utility of miRNAs in the diagnosis, monitoring and individualize treatment will be explored. Finally, we found that miRNAs represent a great alternative for understanding the molecular basis of implicit tumor processes in breast cancer and once all targets are known, it will be possible to elucidate, at least in part, this complex and multigenic process, aided by tools such as generation of databases, to report the differential expression of miRNAs, elements that allow us to use preventive medicine and improve the life quality of patients and their families.