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Abstract
Antes de la emergencia del tratamiento analítico, las histéricas eran aisladas en pabellones de hospitales psiquiátricos, junto con otros, considerados anormales. El panorama de la medicina de la época sufre una transformación en sus categorías y prácticas: Bichat introducirá el método anatomo-patológico como elemento fundamental para comprender las causas de la enfermedad; la hipnosis, método utilizado por Charcot, da cuenta de una herencia más arcaica, proveniente del magnetismo de Mesmer. Ninguno de estos campos explica la etiología de la histeria. Por el contrario, la histérica introduce un agujero en la ciencia médica del siglo XIX. Le traitement de l'hystérie à la fin du XIXème et le trou de la science médicale Avant l'émergence du traitement psychanalytique les hystériques étaient isolées en bâtiments aux hôpitaux psychiatriques avec d'autres patients conçus carrément comme des anormaux. Les catégories et la pratique de la médicine à l'époque se transformaient: Bichat introduira la méthode anatomo-pathologique comme indispensable pour comprendre les causes de la maladie; l'hypnose, implémentée par Charcot, rend compte d'un héritage plus archaïque procédant du côté de Mesmer et son magnétisme. Aucun de ces champs n'explique l'étiologie de l'hystérie. Par contre, l'hystérique introduit un trou dans la science médical du XIXème. The treatment of hysteria at the end of the nineteenth century and the shortcomings of medical science Before the emergence of analytic treatment, hysterics were isolated in psychiatric hospital wards with others who were considered abnormal. The landscape of medicine at that time was undergoing the transformation of its categories and practices. Bichat introduced the anatomical-clinical method as the key to understanding the causes of disease; hypnosis, a technique used by Charcot, revealed a more archaic heritage that came from Mesmer's magnetism. However, none of these fields explained the etiology of hysteria, and instead, hysterics created a void in nineteenth century medical science.
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