Methods of Porous Materials Obtaining from Lignin and Wood Bark

Abstract

Based on the analysis of sci-tech literature published in the last 5-10 years the main directions of research activity in the development of new methods of porous materials (nanoporous carbons, sorbents of oil, enterosorbents) obtaining from lignin and wood bark have been identified. Two groups of methods are used for obtaining nanoporous carbon materials from plant biomass - two stage carbonization - physical activation and one-stage chemical activation. Two-stage method is useful for obtaining carbon sorbents from wood bark. For obtaining of nanoporous carbon materials from lignin is preferable to use the chemical activation by sodium and potassium hydroxides. The reduction of stock of hydrolysis lignin due to the close of production facilities in Russia makes the actual searching the alternative raw materials for enterosorbents obtaining. The sorbents obtained from birch bark is not inferior to the commercial enterosorbent "Polyphepan" from hydrolysis lignin and some of their characteristics even better compared to "Polyphepan".