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Abstract
Estadísticas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) calculan que en el año 2010 se dieron 2,7 millones de casos nuevos de infección por vih y, según estimaciones para finales de ese mismo año, 34 millones de personas vivían con el virus. Durante la enfermedad, estas personas presentan alteraciones emocionales y padecen aislamiento, discriminación y rechazo social.
Objetivo: Identificar el grado de sufrimiento de las personas que conviven con el sida en dos instituciones de salud de Cartagena.
Método: Estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, en el que se utilizaron dos instrumentos: Caracterización socio-demográfica y la Escala de valoración de sufrimiento con 35 ítems, que evalúa problemas prácticos, condición del paciente, problemas emocionales, preocupación religiosa/espiritual y problemas familiares.
Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 39,2 años; el 54,81% de los encuestados era de sexo masculino; el 39,26% eran solteros y el 28,15% vivían en unión libre; el 57,78% era de procedencia urbana; sólo el 13,33% percibía ingresos mayores a un Salario Mínimo Legal Vigente (smlv); el 25,19% tenía formación técnica; el 77,78% pertenecía a un grupo religioso; el 41,5% manifestó tener un sufrimiento máximo, el 28,9%, un sufrimiento moderado y el 29,6%, un sufrimiento bajo.
Conclusiones: El grupo en estudio presentó miedo a lo desconocido, al avance de la enfermedad y a la muerte; tristeza y angustia por el rechazo o el señalamiento. Consideraron su sufrimiento máximo y moderado, condición que podría repercutir sobre la evolución de la enfermedad.
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Statistics from World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 2,7 million new cases of HIV infection occurred in 2010; by the end of that year, it was estimated that 34 million people were living with HIV. During the illness, these people have suered emotional distress and isolation, discrimination and social rejection.
Objective: Identify the degree of suering of people living with AIDS in two health institutions of Cartagena.
Methods: Descriptive quantitative research with two instruments: Socio-demographic characterization and Suering scale with 35 items, evaluating practical problems, patient condition, emotional problems, religious/ spiritual concerns and family problems.
Results: Average age was 39,2 years (52,41%), 54,81% of evaluated people were men; 39,26% of them were single and 28,15% cohabiting; 57,78% were from urban areas; only 13,33% have higher incomes than current legal minimum monthly wages; 25,19% worked with technical training; 77,78% belongs to a religious group; 41,5% said they have a maximum suering, 28,9%, moderate suffering and 29,6%, low suering.
Conclusions: The study group showed fear of facts unknown, as well as the disease progression and death; sadness and anxiety about rejection or pointing. They considered their suering as maximum and moderate, a condition that could impact on the evolution of disease.
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