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About the Authors:
Yogi A. Patel
Affiliations Bioengineering Graduate Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3069-0634
Ansel George
Affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
Alan D. Dorval
Affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
John A. White
Affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1073-2638
David J. Christini
* E-mail: [email protected] (DJC); [email protected] (RJB)
¶‡ These authors are joint senior authors on this work.
Affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
Robert J. Butera
* E-mail: [email protected] (DJC); [email protected] (RJB)
¶‡ These authors are joint senior authors on this work.
Affiliations Bioengineering Graduate Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1806-0621Abstract
The ability to experimentally perturb biological systems has traditionally been limited to static pre-programmed or operator-controlled protocols. In contrast, real-time control allows dynamic probing of biological systems with perturbations that are computed on-the-fly during experimentation. Real-time control applications for biological research are available; however, these systems are costly and often restrict the flexibility and customization of experimental protocols. The Real-Time eXperiment Interface (RTXI) is an open source software platform for achieving hard real-time data acquisition and closed-loop control in biological experiments while retaining the flexibility needed for experimental settings. RTXI has enabled users to implement complex custom closed-loop protocols in single cell, cell network, animal, and human electrophysiology studies. RTXI is also used as a free and open source, customizable electrophysiology platform in open-loop studies requiring online data acquisition, processing, and visualization. RTXI is easy to install, can be used with an extensive range of external experimentation and data acquisition hardware, and includes standard modules for implementing common electrophysiology protocols.
Citation: Patel YA, George A, Dorval AD, White JA, Christini DJ, Butera RJ (2017) Hard real-time closed-loop electrophysiology with the Real-Time eXperiment Interface (RTXI). PLoS Comput Biol 13(5): e1005430. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005430
Editor: Timothée...