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Abstract
Background: Gingivitis is common in children which if neglected may progress to periodontitis in the adults. Therefore, early diagnosis of gingivitis and appropriate therapeutic measures in children are of utmost importance to prevent or minimize progression of periodontitis in the adult population. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis among preschool children in Kolkata. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 200 children aged 2-5 years were performed from March 2015 to February 2016. The gingival index (GI) and pocket depth of fully erupted teeth were measured. Results: The comparison (t-test) of mean pocket depth was least (0.89 mm) between 3- and 4-year-old children and was highest (3.09 mm) between 2- and 4-year-old children. The mean GI among boys and girls differ significantly (P < 0.001). The boys had a higher GI and pocket depth than girls the mean GI in school going children was 0.67 +- 0.22 and in nonschool going children, it was 1.189 +- 0.12, and mean pocket depth was 2.05 +- 0.32 and 2.77 +- 0.55, respectively. The mean GI and pocket depth in children of upper and lower socioeconomic condition differ significantly. Conclusion: Preschool children in and around Kolkata suffer from varying degree of gingival diseases, and comprehensive preventive programs are needed to improve their oral health.