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Raquel Teixeira Terceiro Paim [1] and Stephen Rathinaraj Benjamin [2] and Davide Rondina [3] and Márcia Maria Mendes Marques [4] and Daniel de Araújo Viana [5] and Maria Leônia da Costa Gonzaga [6] and Ícaro Gusmão Pinto Vieira [7] and Francisca Noélia Pereira Mendes [2] and Paula Alves Salmito Rodrigues [1] and Maria Izabel Florindo Guedes [1]

Academic Editor: Menaka C. Thounaojam

1, Northeast Biotechnology Network, Graduate Program of Biotechnology, State University of Ceará, Itaperi Campus, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, uece.br

2, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology and Health Science Center, State University of Ceará, Itaperi Campus, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, uece.br

3, Faculty of Veterinary, State University of Ceará, Itaperi Campus, 60714-903 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, uece.br

4, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Junco, 64607-670 Picos, PI, Brazil, ufpi.br

5, Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, State University of Ceará, Itaperi Campus, 60740-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, uece.br

6, Federal University of Ceará, University Campus of Pici, 60356-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, ufc.br

7, Laboratory of Natural Products, State University of Ceará, Itaperi Campus, 60740-000 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, uece.br

Received Jan 12, 2017; Revised Mar 31, 2017; Accepted May 3, 2017

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

1. Introduction

Atherosclerosis has among its main determinants hypercholesterolemia characterized by increase of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) serum. This condition raises the important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the leading cause of mortality worldwide [1]. Cardiovascular disease, recently, in different geographical regions of the world is more prevalent in western countries and people with older age, thus giving a high incidence of mortality [2].

Over the last decades, in Brazil, 32% of deaths in adults represented the highest rate of death from cardiovascular disease in the Latin American region [3]. There are numerous factors that contribute to the abnormality of plasma lipids among which are modern lifestyle, high cholesterol, diet, and inadequate physical activity [4].

Many medications have been used to manage atherosclerosis over the years. These drugs on the market are very effective against deleterious effects of dyslipidemia acting mainly on the reduction of LDL-C and...
         
         
         
         

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