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Received May 5, 2017; Revised Aug 2, 2017; Accepted Aug 21, 2017
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1. Introduction
Demand for energy is growing rapidly worldwide, and the demand for electric energy is growing even more rapidly [1]. Electric energy demand will be expected to double between 2010 and 2050 [2]. However, as the global population continues to grow globally and fossil fuels are becoming increasingly depleted, current electricity production methods are not sustainable. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) has stated that the intelligent and economic use of electricity, as the primary energy source, will be the most important factor in solving energy problems [3]. As a result, research is being conducted on ways to efficiently utilize energy in factories, buildings, and homes.
In the field of factories, researches are being carried out on Factory Energy Management Systems (FEMS) for efficient electric energy use. Recently, it has been linked to the Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) of Industry 4.0, and related research will be more active in this area [4]. In the field of buildings, research is underway on Building Energy Management System (BEMS) to reduce unnecessary energy consumption [5]. Depending on the external environment, air conditioners can be appropriately controlled to reduce the electric energy use. Unnecessary energy use can also be reduced through monitoring. In homes, the smart grid will be able to efficiently monitor and manage energy as it becomes increasingly realistic [6].
One approach to increasing the efficiency of domestic electricity use is to inspire positive behavioral change in consumers [7]. This can be achieved by analyzing energy use. Nonintrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is one alternative to do so. NILM is a process for analyzing changes in the voltage and current going into a house and deducing which appliances are being used in the house along with their individual energy consumption. The initial concept of disaggregating residential power load information was proposed by Hart...