Assessment of a novel bile solubility test and MALDI-TOF for the differentiation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from other mitis group streptococci

Abstract

This study assesses a novel bile solubility test and MALDI-TOF for the differentiation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from other mitis group streptococci, including differentiation of S. pneumoniae from Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae. Eighty-four species verified mitis group isolates were subjected to our bile solubility test (which measures and calculates the differences of absorbance in the test tube containing 10% sodium deoxycholate versus a blank control tube, after incubation for 10 minutes at 36 °C using a spectrophotometer) and MALDI-TOF MS (both the standard result output and by visual spectra evaluation). Applying a calculated optimal cut-off absorbance-value of 2.1, differentiated S. pneumoniae from all but one other mitis group streptococci (one S. mitis isolate generated an OD-value above 2.1). MALDI-TOF score value identification identified correctly 46 S. pneumoniae and 4 S. pseudopneumoniae but misidentified 16 other mitis group strains. Visual spectra evaluation correctly identified all S. pneumoniae and S. pseudopneumoniae strains but misidentified 13 other mitis group strains. The bile solubility test based on spectrophotometric reading described in this study can differentiate S. pneumoniae from other Streptococcus species. Combining the bile solubility test and the MALDI-TOF spectra results provide a correct identification of all S. pneumoniae and S. pseudopneumoniae isolates.