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Abstract
Hypertension prevalence varies between ethnic groups, possibly due to differences in genetic, environmental, and cultural determinants. Hispanic/Latino Americans are a diverse and understudied population. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of blood pressure (BP) traits in 12,278 participants from the Hispanics Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). In the discovery phase we identified eight previously unreported BP loci. In the replication stage, we tested these loci in the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study of admixed Southern Brazilians, the COGENT-BP study of African descent, women of European descent from the Women Health Initiative (WHI), and a sample of European descent from the UK Biobank. No loci met the Bonferroni-adjusted level of statistical significance (0.0024). Two loci had marginal evidence of replication: rs78701042 (NGF) with diastolic BP (P = 0.008 in the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study), and rs7315692 (SLC5A8) with systolic BP (P = 0.007 in European ancestry replication). We investigated whether previously reported loci associated with BP in studies of European, African, and Asian ancestry generalize to Hispanics/Latinos. Overall, 26% of the known associations in studies of individuals of European and Chinese ancestries generalized, while only a single association previously discovered in a people of African descent generalized.
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1 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
2 Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
3 Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research, Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
4 William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
6 The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA and the Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
7 Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
8 Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
9 Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
10 Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
11 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
12 Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA
13 Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
14 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
15 The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
16 Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology & Health Services, University of Washington, and Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, Washington, USA
17 Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
18 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
19 Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
20 Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
21 Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
22 Division of Adult Cardiology, Uganda Heart Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda; Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
23 Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
24 Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
25 Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA; Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
26 Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
27 Center for Human Genetic Research Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
28 Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
29 Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
30 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
31 Division of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
32 Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic Univerisity, New Taipei City, Taiwan, China
33 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
34 Human Genetics, Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
35 Cardiovascular Institute, The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
36 Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
37 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
38 Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
39 Department of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
40 Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
41 Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
42 Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
43 Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
44 The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
45 Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA
46 Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
47 Cardiovascular Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
48 Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
49 Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
50 The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
51 University of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA
52 Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Public Health Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
53 Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilit University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
54 McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
55 Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA