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Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) participate in vessel recovery and maintenance of normal endothelial function. Therefore, pitavastatin-nanoparticles (NPs)-engineered EPC may be effective in repairing injured vasculature. Pitavastatin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) NPs were obtained via ultrasonic emulsion solvent evaporation with PLGA as the carrier encapsulating pitavastatin. The effects and mechanism of pitavastatin-NPs on EPC proliferation in vitro were evaluated. Then, EPC that internalized pitavastatin-NPs were transplanted into rats after carotid artery injury. EPC homing, re-endothelialization, and neointima were evaluated by fluorescence labeling, evans Blue and hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) staining. Pitavastatin-NPs significantly improved EPC proliferation compared with control and pitavastatin group. Those effects were blocked by pretreatment with the pharmacological phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) blockers LY294002. After carotid artery injury, more transplanted EPC were detected in target zone in Pitavastatin-NPs group than pitavastatin and control group. Re-endothelialization was promoted and intimal hyperplasia was inhibited as well. Thus, pitavastatin-NPs promote EPC proliferation via PI3K signaling and accelerate recovery of injured carotid artery.
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Details
1 Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Cardiovascular Department, First People’s Hospital of Chong Qing Liang Jiang New Zone, Chongqing, China
2 Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Cardiovascular Department, The 180th Hospital of PLA, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
3 Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China