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Abstract
Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (age 0–14 years) is 20% more common in Latino Americans than non-Latino whites. We conduct a genome-wide association study in a large sample of 3263 Californian children with ALL (including 1949 of Latino heritage) and 3506 controls matched on month and year of birth, sex, and ethnicity, and an additional 12,471 controls from the Kaiser Resource for Genetic Epidemiology Research on Aging Cohort. Replication of the strongest genetic associations is performed in two independent datasets from the Children’s Oncology Group and the California Childhood Leukemia Study. Here we identify new risk loci on 17q12 near IKZF3/ZPBP2/GSDMB/ORMDL3, a locus encompassing a transcription factor important for lymphocyte development (IKZF3), and at an 8q24 region known for structural contacts with the MYC oncogene. These new risk loci may impact gene expression via local (four 17q12 genes) or long-range (8q24) interactions, affecting function of well-characterized hematopoietic and growth-regulation pathways.
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1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
4 School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
5 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
6 Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
7 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, USA
8 Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
9 Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
10 University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA