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Abstract
Despite recent advances in the assembly of organic nanotubes, conferral of sequence-defined engineering and dynamic response characteristics to the tubules remains a challenge. Here we report a new family of highly designable and dynamic nanotubes assembled from sequence-defined peptoids through a unique “rolling-up and closure of nanosheet” mechanism. During the assembly process, amorphous spherical particles of amphiphilic peptoid oligomers crystallize to form well-defined nanosheets before folding to form single-walled nanotubes. These nanotubes undergo a pH-triggered, reversible contraction–expansion motion. By varying the number of hydrophobic residues of peptoids, we demonstrate tuning of nanotube wall thickness, diameter, and mechanical properties. Atomic force microscopy-based mechanical measurements show peptoid nanotubes are highly stiff (Young’s Modulus ~13–17 GPa). We further demonstrate the precise incorporation of functional groups within nanotubes and their applications in water decontamination and cellular adhesion and uptake. These nanotubes provide a robust platform for developing biomimetic materials tailored to specific applications.
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1 Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
2 Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Institute of Rheological Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
3 Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
4 Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Center for Biomaterials and Biopathways, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
5 Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; School of Petroleum Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China
6 Institute of Rheological Mechanics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
7 School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
8 Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong, China
9 Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA