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1. Introduction
Nettle (Urtica dioica L.), naturally found in pathway, field, and wildwood. Nettles are grown in mild climate areas, bottom of barriers, ruins and grassy places, between cultivated plants, street, and water runnels. This plant prefers nutrient riches and lighted places, hot and mild climate. It has broad distribution of the world. It is also grown in the different region, of Turkey. Some local names of nettle are “dalagan, dizlagan, agdalak, and isirgi”. Nettle is annual or perennial, herbaceous plant. This plant which is specially grown in Black Sea region has reach chemical composition. It is used as drug, food, fibrous, dye, and cosmetic from centuries. Numbers of medical and pharmacologic researches about nettle are increased day by day. On the other hand, nettle has valuable fibrous content which is light, elegant, long, and resistant. In Turkey, nettle could be an alternative product in Black Sea region in which it could be grown easily [1].
Nettle has dark green leaves, root, stem, serration, and stinging nettle. The nettle flowers are small and green. It could give flowers from May to September. The fruits of nettle are arid and single germ. It has two species. Both of them have 2–4 cm long, oval, and core shape leaves. Fresh nettle could cause blushing and burning of skin when it is touched [2].
Plants could be used as a cure for different types of diseases for centuries. In recent years, usage of plant is increased. In Turkey, plants could be used as household and herbal remedy. Phenolic compounds could be defined as biologically active and herbal and have positive effects on health. The scientific researches are increased about the positive effect of phenolic compounds into coronary heart disease and high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, inflammative, viral and parasitic disease, psychotic disorders [3].
Systematic properties of nettle could be classified as [4];
Scientific name: Urtica dioica.
Traditional name: Nettle.
Genus: Urticaceae.
Used parts: root, stalk, and leaves.
Usage as a food: tea (root, stalk, and leaves), vegetable dish (stalk and leaves), salad (stalk and leaves), and so forth.
A research about nettle indicates that it has wide field of usage as household remedy in Italy from gastrointestinal diseases to rheumatism pains [5]. Another research indicates household remedy...