Abstract

Development of novel magnetic materials is of interest for fundamental studies and applications such as spintronics, permanent magnetics, and sensors. We report on the first experimental realization of single element ferromagnetism, since Fe, Co, and Ni, in metastable tetragonal Ru, which has been predicted. Body-centered tetragonal Ru phase is realized by use of strain via seed layer engineering. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy confirm the epitaxial mechanism to obtain tetragonal phase Ru. We observed a saturation magnetization of 148 and 160 emu cm−3 at room temperature and 10 K, respectively. Control samples ensure the ferromagnetism we report on is from tetragonal Ru and not from magnetic contamination. The effect of thickness on the magnetic properties is also studied, and it is observed that increasing thickness results in strain relaxation, and thus diluting the magnetization. Anomalous Hall measurements are used to confirm its ferromagnetic behavior.

Details

Title
Demonstration of Ru as the 4th ferromagnetic element at room temperature
Author
Quarterman, P 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Sun, Congli 2 ; Garcia-Barriocanal, Javier 3 ; Mahendra, D C 4 ; Yang, Lv 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Manipatruni, Sasikanth 5 ; Nikonov, Dmitri E 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Young, Ian A 5 ; Voyles, Paul M 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Wang, Jian-Ping 1 

1  Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA 
2  Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA 
3  Characterization Facility, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA 
4  School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA 
5  Components Research, Intel Corp., Hillsboro, OR, USA 
Pages
1-6
Publication year
2018
Publication date
May 2018
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20411723
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04512-1
ProQuest document ID
2044308574
Copyright
© 2018. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.